:root {
  --academic-ink: #1f2937;
  --academic-muted: #526274;
  --academic-line: #dbe4ee;
  --academic-accent: #0f766e;
  --academic-accent-2: #c17a10;
  --academic-soft: #f8fafc;
  --academic-card: #ffffff;
  --academic-highlight: #eef4f8;
}

/* Base layout */
body {
  font-family: Optima, Helvetica, 'KaiTi', 'Microsoft Yahei', '微软雅黑', Arial, sans-serif;
  color: var(--academic-ink);
  line-height: 1.68;
  background: #ffffff;
}

.site-section {
  padding-top: 28px;
  padding-bottom: 28px;
  scroll-margin-top: 72px;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, #ffffff 0%, #f4f5f6 50%, #ffffff 100%);
}

.site-section.compact-strip {
  padding-top: 14px;
  padding-bottom: 14px;
}

#research.container {
  padding-top: 12px;
  padding-bottom: 12px;
}

/* Navigation */
.navbar-custom {
  backdrop-filter: none;
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: none;
  background: rgb(30, 23, 54);
  border-bottom: 0;
  box-shadow: none;
}

.navbar-custom .navbar-brand,
.navbar-custom .nav > li > a {
  color: #f4f5f6 !important;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-shadow: none;
}

.navbar-custom .nav > li > a:hover,
.navbar-custom .nav > li > a:focus,
.navbar-custom .navbar-brand:hover,
.navbar-custom .navbar-brand:focus {
  color: #e87e04 !important;
}

/* Hero */
.intro {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.intro::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: transparent;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.intro-body,
.intro-text {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}

.intro-title {
  letter-spacing: 0;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  color: #f0f3f7 !important;
  text-shadow: 0 4px 18px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.45);
}

.intro-role {
  color: #c7d3e0;
  font-size: 18px;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.45;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  text-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.28);
}

.intro-lead {
  max-width: 880px;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
  color: #aebccb;
  text-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24);
}

.intro-btn-group .btn {
  border-radius: 999px;
  letter-spacing: .02em;
  transition: transform .22s ease, box-shadow .22s ease, background-color .22s ease, border-color .22s ease;
  min-width: 128px;
  color: #f0f3f7 !important;
  border: 1.5px solid rgba(240, 243, 247, 0.58) !important;
  background: transparent !important;
  box-shadow: none;
}

.intro-btn-group .btn:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.28);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) !important;
  border-color: #f0f3f7 !important;
  color: #f5f7fa !important;
}

.intro .intro-body .intro-text .social i.iconfont {
  color: #b9c6d3;
  transition: color .2s ease, transform .2s ease;
}

.intro .intro-body .intro-text .social i.iconfont:hover {
  color: #e87e04;
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

/* Shared cards and section helpers */
.academic-kicker {
  color: var(--academic-accent);
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: .05em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  margin-bottom: 2px;
}

.academic-card {
  background: var(--academic-card);
  border: 1px solid var(--academic-line);
  border-radius: 8px;
  padding: 18px 20px;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(31, 41, 51, 0.06);
  text-align: left;
  transition: transform .24s ease, box-shadow .24s ease, border-color .24s ease;
}

.academic-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  box-shadow: 0 14px 28px rgba(31, 41, 51, 0.11);
  border-color: #cdd8e6;
}

.academic-card h3,
.academic-card h4 {
  margin-top: 0;
  letter-spacing: 0;
}

.metric-grid,
.news-list,
.project-grid,
.education-grid {
  display: grid;
  gap: 14px;
}

.metric-grid {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(160px, 1fr));
  margin-top: 18px;
}

.metric-item {
  border-left: 3px solid var(--academic-accent);
  background: #fff;
  padding: 12px 14px;
  border-radius: 6px;
}

.metric-number {
  display: block;
  color: var(--academic-ink);
  font-size: 24px;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.2;
}

.metric-label {
  color: var(--academic-muted);
  font-size: 13px;
}

.news-list {
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}

.news-item {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 92px 1fr;
  gap: 16px;
  padding: 12px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--academic-line);
}

.news-item:last-child {
  border-bottom: 0;
}

.news-date {
  color: var(--academic-accent);
  font-weight: 700;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.education-grid,
.project-grid {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(260px, 1fr));
}

.academic-tag-row {
  margin-top: 10px;
}

.academic-tag {
  display: inline-block;
  border: 1px solid var(--academic-line);
  border-radius: 999px;
  color: var(--academic-muted);
  font-size: 12px;
  padding: 3px 9px;
  margin: 3px 4px 3px 0;
  background: #fff;
}

.section-note {
  color: var(--academic-muted);
  max-width: 860px;
  margin: 0 auto 20px;
  text-align: center;
}

.hero-action-group {
  margin-top: 10px;
}

.hero-action-link {
  color: #f0f3f7 !important;
  border-color: rgba(240, 243, 247, 0.58) !important;
}

.nav-toggle-icon {
  color: var(--academic-accent);
}

/* Publications */
.recruiting-note {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 15px;
  color: #333333;
  max-width: none;
}

.publication-section-title {
  padding-bottom: 0;
  margin-top: 0;
}

.publication-note {
  margin: 6px 0 18px;
  color: #666666;
  font-size: 15px;
}

.publication-links-center {
  text-align: center;
}

.content-card--center {
  text-align: center;
}

/* Contact */
.contact-section-title {
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.contact-section-title hr {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.contact-item--tight {
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.contact-actions {
  margin-top: 14px;
}

.intro-title--light {
  color: #f0f3f7 !important;
}

/* Service */
.service-list-item {
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.service-row-gap {
  margin-top: 12px;
}

.section-title--tight {
  padding-bottom: 0;
  margin-top: 0;
}

.section-note--compact {
  margin: 4px 0 0;
  color: var(--academic-muted);
  font-size: 14px;
}

/* Highlights */
.highlight-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
  gap: 12px;
}

.highlight-card {
  background: #ffffff;
  padding: 12px 16px;
  border-radius: 6px;
  border-left: 4px solid var(--academic-accent);
}

.research-topics-lead {
  margin: 4px 0 0;
  color: var(--academic-muted);
  font-size: 14px;
}

.research-topics-rule {
  margin-top: 12px;
}

.section-title h2 {
  color: #15324a;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

/* About */
.about-layout {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 360px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 16px;
  align-items: stretch;
}

.profile-panel {
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, #f7fbff 0%, #ffffff 100%);
  border: 1px solid #d8e4ef;
  border-radius: 16px;
  padding: 16px 18px 14px;
  height: 100%;
  min-height: 100%;
  box-shadow: 0 12px 28px rgba(31, 41, 55, 0.07);
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  text-align: left;
}

.about-box {
  height: 100%;
}

.profile-panel > * {
  width: 100%;
}

.profile-panel img {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 220px;
  display: block;
  margin: 0 auto 10px;
  border-radius: 14px;
  box-shadow: 0 10px 24px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.14);
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center center;
}

.profile-name {
  color: #15324a;
  font-size: 23px;
  font-weight: 700;
  margin-bottom: 4px;
  text-align: center;
}

.profile-role {
  color: var(--academic-muted);
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.55;
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 6px;
}

.profile-degrees {
  color: #3e556b;
  font-size: 13.3px;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-align: center;
  line-height: 1.35;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  white-space: normal;
  letter-spacing: 0;
}

.profile-item {
  padding: 8px 0;
  border-top: 1px solid #e3ebf2;
}

.profile-item:first-of-type {
  border-top: 0;
  padding-top: 0;
}

.profile-label {
  display: block;
  color: var(--academic-accent);
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: .08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  margin-bottom: 4px;
}

.profile-value {
  color: #314559;
  font-size: 13.2px;
  line-height: 1.48;
}

.about-box {
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, #ffffff 0%, #fbfdff 100%);
  border: 1px solid #d8e4ef;
  border-radius: 16px;
  padding: 12px 16px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 4px;
  box-shadow: 0 12px 28px rgba(31, 41, 55, 0.07);
  text-align: left;
}

.about-box p {
  color: #44586c;
  font-size: 14.5px;
  line-height: 1.22;
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-bottom: 0;
  padding-top: 0;
  padding-bottom: 0;
}

.about-intro,
.about-detail {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.about-box .about-intro,
.about-box .about-detail,
.about-box .about-contact {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

.about-box p + p {
  margin-top: 0;
}

.about-box h3 {
  color: #15324a;
  font-size: 24px;
  line-height: 1.24;
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.about-meta-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 14px;
  margin-top: 16px;
}

.about-meta-card {
  background: #f8fbfe;
  border: 1px solid #d9e6f0;
  border-radius: 12px;
  padding: 14px 15px;
}

.about-meta-card h4 {
  color: #12324f;
  font-size: 15px;
  margin: 0 0 8px;
}

.about-meta-card p,
.about-meta-card li {
  font-size: 13.5px;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--academic-muted);
  margin: 0;
}

.about-meta-card ul {
  margin: 0;
  padding-left: 18px;
}

.scai-wrap {
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, #f7fbff 0%, #ffffff 100%);
  border: 1px solid #d9e5ef;
  border-radius: 14px;
  padding: 20px;
  box-shadow: 0 12px 28px rgba(31, 41, 55, 0.06);
  margin-bottom: 18px;
  text-align: left;
}

.scai-wrap.scai-inline {
  margin-top: 14px;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  padding: 16px;
}

.scai-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.1fr 1.3fr;
  gap: 18px;
  align-items: center;
}

.scai-list {
  padding-left: 18px;
  margin: 10px 0 0;
  color: var(--academic-muted);
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.62;
}

.scai-list li {
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.scai-svg {
  width: 100%;
  display: block;
  height: auto;
  border-radius: 12px;
  border: 1px solid #d7e3ef;
  background: #fff;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);
}

.scai-wrap h4 {
  color: #163551;
  font-size: 21px;
}

.scai-wrap p {
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.scai-chip-row {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 8px;
  margin-top: 14px;
}

.scai-chip {
  padding: 5px 10px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  border: 1px solid #c8d8e7;
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #24445f;
  background: #f5faff;
}

.topic-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 14px;
  margin-top: 14px;
}

.topic-framework-layout {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  gap: 16px;
  align-items: start;
}

.topic-media {
  display: block;
  min-width: 0;
}

.topic-media .scai-svg {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}

.topic-stack {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 12px;
  min-width: 0;
}

.topic-card {
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid #dbe5ef;
  border-radius: 12px;
  padding: 13px 15px;
  text-align: left;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.04);
  overflow-wrap: anywhere;
}

.topic-card h4 {
  margin: 0 0 6px;
  color: #12324f;
  font-size: 16px;
}

.topic-card p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--academic-muted);
  font-size: 13.2px;
  line-height: 1.58;
}

.topic-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 6px;
  margin-top: 10px;
}

.topic-links .rep-work-link {
  max-width: 100%;
  margin: 0;
}

.topic-mini-label {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-bottom: 6px;
  padding: 3px 8px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: #eef5fb;
  border: 1px solid #d6e4ef;
  color: #36546c;
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: .04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.applications-strip,
.application-pill {
  display: none !important;
}

.project-link-row {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 8px;
  margin-top: 10px;
}

.project-link-row .rep-work-link {
  margin: 0;
}

.project-link-row .project-link {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
}

.project-link-row .project-link:hover,
.project-link-row .project-link:focus {
  text-decoration: none;
}

.about-box .about-contact {
  margin-top: 2px;
  line-height: 1.4;
}

@media (max-width: 1280px) {
  .topic-media {
    display: block;
  }
}

.highlights-grid .highlight-item {
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, #ffffff 0%, #f9fcff 100%) !important;
  border: 1px solid #dbe5ef;
  border-left-width: 4px;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 22px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.05);
}

.project-grid .academic-card:nth-child(1) {
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, #ffffff 0%, #f6fbfa 100%);
}

.project-grid .academic-card:nth-child(2) {
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, #ffffff 0%, #fff9f0 100%);
}

.project-grid .academic-card:nth-child(3) {
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, #ffffff 0%, #f7f9fd 100%);
}

.contact-line {
  margin: 14px 0 0;
  color: #5f6b7a;
  word-break: break-word;
}

.about-contact {
  margin-top: 2px;
  padding-top: 0;
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .academic-card,
  .intro-btn-group .btn {
    transition: none;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .site-section {
    padding-top: 34px;
    padding-bottom: 34px;
  }

  .news-item {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 4px;
  }

  .intro-role {
    font-size: 16px;
  }

  .about-layout,
  .topic-framework-layout,
  .about-meta-grid,
  .topic-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .topic-stack {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .scai-grid,
  .topic-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .scai-wrap {
    padding: 16px;
  }

  .about-box,
  .profile-panel {
    padding: 18px;
    height: auto;
    min-height: 0;
  }

  .project-link-row {
    gap: 6px;
  }
}